// 11/25/2019
/** the String class introduces us to the data type used for text. */
/* def. of a string (in computer science) is a sequence of characters */
// methods of String class:
// equals, charAt, startsWith, endsWith, length, compareTo
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Strings {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    String name1 = "John Doe";
    
    /* you may also use new to create a String object,
       in a similar fashion to the creation of other objects.
    String nm = new String("John Doe"); // this would also work
    Scanner sc = new Scanner(...)
    File infile = new File(...) 
    PrintWriter outfile = new PrintWriter();
    int[] arr = new int...
    */ 
    System.out.println("name1 is " +  name1);
    String name2 = "Alice";
    System.out.println("name2 is " +  name2);
    if (name1.length() != name2.length())
      System.out.println("length of name2 is: " + name2.length());
    char firstInit = name2.charAt(0);
        
    System.out.println("name2's first initial is: " + firstInit);
    // read in a String
    Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
    System.out.println("enter a name: ");
    name1 = sc.next();
    // test if name1 equals to name2
    // name2 = name1;
    if (name1 == name2) // NOT the way to do it
      System.out.println("name1 is == name2 " + name1);
    else
      System.out.println("name1 is: " + name1 + " name2 is: " + name2);
    
    if (name1.equals(name2))
      System.out.println("name1 is .equal to name2 " + name1);
    else
      System.out.println("name1 is: " + name1 + " name2 is: " + name2);;
    
    // char ch = 'a';
    // if (ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'Z')  // is ch an uppercase letter
      
    name2 = "Z";
    if (name1.compareTo(name2) < 0)
      System.out.println("in alphabetical order: \n" +
                         name1 + "\n" + name2);
    else
      System.out.println("in alphabetical order: \n" +
                         name2 + "\n" + name1);
  }
}
/** discussion about test question on exam 1:
String ans = sc.next();
if (ans == 'y')

  fix1: if (ans.charAt(0) == 'y')
  fix2: if (ans.equals("yes"))
  fix3: if (ans.startsWith("y"))
  *******/

/** Declare and read in 2 String objects.
  * Then, you are going to compare these 2 Strings without calling
  * .equals
  * hint: you can use for loop, you can loop up until the length of
  * a string. Really, you should first make sure that they have the
  * same length. you can call charAt to retreive each character that
  * needs to be compared. */