Logic Gates

Logic Gates are small and simple electronic circuits build up of transistors that make up the various hardware devices that a computer consists of: the CPU, RAM, disks, etc., all consists of logic gates.

Generally, a logic gate takes either one or two inputs, each of which is a $0$ or $1$ bit, and output one bit ($0$ or $1$). The output depends on (1) why kind of logic gate we use, and (2) what the input bits are.

Learning about logic gates is essential because they form the foundation of how computers and other digital systems process information, make decisions, and store data.

We will introduce the logic gates AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, XOR, and XNOR.

Many programming concepts, such as conditional statements (if-else) and loops, are rooted in the logic that is implemented by gates at the hardware level. Logic gates mirror the Boolean logic used in programming.