On modern computers, the length of an instruction is usually 32 bits or 64 bits.
The set of rules in a certain computer that tell how a machine instruction is structured is called ISA: Instruction Set Architecture.
ISA tells how many bits an instruction consists of. For example, whether an instruction must feature 16 bits:
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
| 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
or 32 bits:
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
| 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+