Physical and Technical Controls

5. Locks and Keys: One of the oldest access control methods ever used besides security guards. There are two types:
   1. Preset locks, which are legacy locks that require a physical key. If you lose the key, you must change the lock.
   2. Programmable locks that require a person to enter a combination of numbers by pressing the respective keys on the lock's keypad.
6. Electronic Monitoring and Surveillance Cameras allow remote monitoring of an area within or outside a facility when a guard isn't present. The video footage of the CCTVs (Closed Circuit Television) is normally recorded and stored for future investigations. A drawback of CCTVs is that they are passive devices that only monitor but don't prevent an intrusion if such happens.
7. Alarms and Alarm Systems are closely related to electronic monitoring systems but, unlike cameras, are active devices that will notify whenever there is unauthorized access. Alarms are very similar to Intrusion Detection System (IDS) that can detect any physical intrusion or any other events such as a fire, burglary, smoke, or environmental disturbance such as flooding (when appropriate sensors, such as smoke detectors, are installed.)